Kuk Linux 2023

Kuk Linux 2023

Kuk Linux 2023

Q2 :- Write the command and its syntax for following action and also explain the command :
(i) View name of files in desending order by time wise.
(ii) Create new user with shell specified.
(iii) View test.test files with permission and change permission from rw-r-rw- to rwxrw-r--

(i) View name of files in descending order by time-wise

Command: ls -lt
Syntax:
ls -lt [directory]
Explanation:
  • ls is the command to list directory contents.
  • -l option provides a detailed listing (long format) which includes file permissions, number of links, owner, group, size, and time of last modification.
  • -t option sorts the files by modification time, with the newest files first.
  • When combined (-lt), it lists files in long format sorted by time in descending order.
Example:
ls -lt /path/to/directory

(ii) Create a new user with a specified shell

Command: useradd -s
Syntax:
sudo useradd -s /path/to/shell username
Explanation:
  • useradd is the command to create a new user.
  • -s option allows specifying the user’s login shell.
  • sudo is used to execute the command with superuser privileges, which is typically required for user management.
Example:
sudo useradd -s /bin/bash newuser

(iii) View test.test file with permissions and change permissions from rw-r--rw- to rwxrw-r--

To view the file permissions:

Command: ls -l
Syntax:
ls -l test.test
Explanation:
  • ls -l lists files in long format, showing detailed information including file permissions.
Example:
ls -l test.test
To change the file permissions:

Command: chmod
Syntax:
chmod 764 test.test
Explanation:
  • chmod is the command to change file permissions.
  • The numerical representation 764 translates to:
    • 7 (rwx) for the owner
    • 6 (rw-) for the group
    • 4 (r–) for others
Example:
chmod 764 test.test
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